Noise pollution is an increasingly important environmental and public-health issue in urban and developing regions. Road traffic, construction work, industrial equipment, loudspeakers and domestic activities can create unwanted sound that affects daily comfort and quality of life. The effects depend on sound intensity, duration, timing, frequency and the vulnerability of exposed individuals. This narrative review examines common sources of noise, methods used to assess exposure, consequences for sleep, learning, hearing and cardiovascular well-being, and possible impacts on wildlife. It also considers preventive strategies at the source, along the sound path and within buildings. Particular attention is given to practical measures relevant to Indian towns and cities, including traffic planning, enforcement of noise regulations, public participation and low-cost awareness programmes. The discussion draws on published guidance and research rather than newly collected field data. It concludes that reducing environmental noise requires coordinated action by government agencies, institutions, industries and residents.

Sushma M V, Lavanya Shantappa Ullegaddi, Mohammed Rihan Wahid, Mohith H, Nishmitha R, "Noise Pollution: Sources, Health Effects and Sustainable Control Measures" International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development, V9(6): Page(79-81) November - December 2026. ISSN: 2581-7175. www.ijsred.com. Published by Scientific and Academic Research Publishing.