Overloading of electrical transformers is a major problem in power distribution systems. Excessive loading can cause overheating, increased power losses, insulation deterioration, voltage instability, and premature transformer failure. This research presents an automatic transformer load-shifting system based on an ESP32 microcontroller, current sensor, relay switching circuit, and 16×2 LCD display. The system continuously measures the load current of the primary transformer using a current sensor. The measured value is processed by the ESP32 and compared with a predefined maximum current limit. When the transformer load remains below the specified limit, the connected load continues to operate normally. When the current exceeds the preset threshold, the ESP32 activates a relay arrangement to transfer a selected load to an alternate transformer. The LCD provides real-time information about current, transformer status, and load-shifting operation. The proposed system can reduce transformer overloading and improve the reliability and continuity of electrical power distribution.

Prof. Nitin Dhumne, Tanmay S.Rahangdale, Somesh Dahake, Kabir Sardar, Abhishek Sontakke, Sohan Amte, "IoT-Based Automatic Load Sharing of Transformer Using ESP32" International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development, V9(5): Page(452-455) September - October 2026. ISSN: 2581-7175. www.ijsred.com. Published by Scientific and Academic Research Publishing.