International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development

Coated airbag fabrics are critical passive safety components in modern automotive restraint systems. This paper provides a comprehensive review of material innovations, coating chemistries, weaving architectures, and process engineering advances that have shaped airbag textile technology over the past two decades. We examine the transition from heavy neoprene and chloroprene formulations to lightweight silicone and polyurethane coatings, with emphasis on the thermomechanical requirements imposed by high-speed deployment (30–300 ms). Onepiece woven (OPW) technology is discussed in the context of seam-eliminating design strategies and its implications for module miniaturization. Analytical results from tensile testing, burst pressure measurement, heat aging, and folding-fatigue protocols are presented for representative commercial substrates. The paper further addresses sustainability drivers, including bio-based nylon precursors, solvent-free coating processes, and endof-life recyclability frameworks. Finally, emerging directions including smart sensor-integrated fabrics, nanocomposite coatings, and AI-assisted quality inspection are identified as vectors for future research and commercialization.

Subash Chandra Pradhan, L. Nagarajan,"Advances in Coated Airbag Fabrics: Materials, Processing, and Performance" International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development, V9(4): Page(100-106) July - August 2026. ISSN: 2581-7175. www.ijsred.com. Published by Scientific and Academic Research Publishing.