International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development

Mobility assistance plays a crucial role in improving the quality of life for physically challenged and elderly individuals. Traditional wheelchairs require manual effort or constant assistance from caregivers, which can limit independence and comfort. To overcome these limitations, this project presents the design and development of an IoT-based Automatic Wheel Chair system that enables easy and efficient movement through wireless control. The proposed system is developed using the ESP8266 microcontroller as the central control unit due to its built-in Wi-Fi capability, compact size, and low power consumption. The ESP8266 allows wireless communication and control of the wheelchair through a web-based interface or mobile device. The control commands are processed by the microcontroller and transmitted to the motor driver module for motion control. The mechanical structure consists of a four-wheel drive mechanism powered by four BO motors. These motors are controlled using a motor driver module that enables forward, backward, left, and right directional movement of the wheelchair. The frame of the wheelchair prototype is constructed using a foam sheet, providing a lightweight yet stable base structure. Connecting wires are used for proper electrical connections between components to ensure smooth and reliable operation. assistive mobility. With future enhancements such as obstacle detection sensors, voice control integration, and automatic The system is powered by a rechargeable lithium-ion battery, placed in a lithium battery holder and controlled through an ON/OFF switch for safe operation. The use of a battery-powered system ensures portability and eliminates dependency on external power sources. The developed prototype demonstrates smooth wireless operation, stable motor control, and efficient power management. The integration of IoT technology enhances user independence by allowing remote control and easy. The proposed system provides a low-cost, energy-efficient, and scalable solution for navigation features, the system can be further developed into a fully autonomous smart wheelchair suitable for advanced healthcare and rehabilitation applications.

Sayyad Uzma Asif, Sonar Jayshri Surendra, Phad Tejal Govind, Shelke Trupti Murlidhar, Tribhuvan Apeksha Ashok, Prof. S. K. Sonawane,"Automatic Wheel Chair" International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development, V9(2): Page(427-431) Mar-Apr 2026. ISSN: 2581-7175. www.ijsred.com. Published by Scientific and Academic Research Publishing.