International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development

This paper provides a comprehensive comparative analysis of various weather forecasting techniques including statistical models, data mining methods,and machine learning algorithms. The review highlights their underlying methodologies, strengths, limitations, and areas of application, offering insights into their relative performance and suitability for different forecasting challenges. Weather forecasting plays a vital role in various fields, including agriculture, disaster management, and urban planning. With advancements in computational technologies, a wide range of techniques has been developed for predicting weather patterns, each with unique strengths and limitations. This paper provides a comparative analysis of three major approaches: statistical models, data mining techniques, and machine learning algorithms. Statistical models, such as ARIMA, are efficient for short-term forecasts and resource-constrained applications but struggle with non-linear systems. Data mining techniques uncover hidden patterns and relationships in climatic datasets but are less effective in direct prediction tasks. Machine learning models, including neural networks and ensemble methods, offer unparalleled accuracy and adaptability for complex, non-linear systems but require significant computational resources and large datasets. This study concludes that while machine learning is the most effective standalone solution for modern weather forecasting, a hybrid approach combining all three methodologies can yield the most robust and efficient outcomes