International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development

Concrete has continued to be a significant component of contemporary construction, but its ability to crack compromises structural integrity and increases maintenance needs. The development of self-healing concrete offer solutions to these problems by extending its lifespan and repairing damage on its own (autonomous healing). The mechanisms of various self-healing systems including autogenous, microbial, capsule-based, vascular and polymeric approaches are investigated in this study. To restore strength and stability and to stop cracks from spreading, each mechanism makes use of different healing agents and techniques. Tests on water tightness and permeability, SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy), mechanical, tensile and flexural strength recovery and microstructure are used to evaluate performance, and the results show positive results in watertightness, durability and resistance to environmental degradation. The study also covers the practical and economic factors that affect the extensive use of SHC in addition to its structural and functional advantages, stating that it can lower maintenance costs, carbon emissions and material loss. The start of developments in bio-based and hybrid systems suggests future applications to sustainable architecture and infrastructure, also pointing out the disadvantages and limitations of the same.In summary, self-healing concrete is a notable advancement in construction techniques