International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development

This paper presents the design and implementation of a cost-effective and efficient Smart Irrigation System aimed at optimizing water usage in agricultural and gardening applications. The system utilizes an Arduino uno microcontroller as its central processing unit, interfaced with a soil moisture sensor (FC-28) to monitor real-time soil conditions. When the moisture level falls below a predefined threshold, the system automatically activates a water pump via a relay module, ensuring precise irrigation only when necessary. The prototype demonstrates significant water conservation compared to traditional timer -based methods. The system is scalable and can be integrated with IoT modules for remote monitoring and control, making it a viable solution for modern sustainable agriculture